Name a common zoonotic disease.

Rabies is a well-known zoonotic disease, meaning it is primarily transmitted from animals to humans. This disease is caused by the rabies virus, typically spread through the bites or scratches of infected animals, particularly wild carnivores like bats, raccoons, and foxes. Once rabies symptoms appear, the disease is almost universally fatal, which underscores the importance of prevention through vaccination of pets and post-exposure prophylaxis for individuals who have been bitten by a potentially rabid animal.

In contrast, the other options listed—such as flu, hepatitis B, and measles—are not classified as zoonotic diseases. The flu primarily spreads through human-to-human contact via respiratory droplets. Hepatitis B is a viral infection that primarily spreads through contact with infectious body fluids, such as blood and sexual contact, and is not transmitted from animals. Measles is also a highly contagious viral disease that spreads exclusively through human hosts, primarily via respiratory droplets. Understanding the specific modes of transmission for these diseases is crucial in distinguishing them from zoonotic diseases like rabies.