Which medication is commonly used as the drug of choice for the treatment of toxoplasmosis?

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is the drug of choice for the treatment of toxoplasmosis, particularly in immunocompromised individuals, such as those with HIV/AIDS, where the risk of severe disease is heightened. This medication works synergistically to inhibit bacterial folic acid synthesis. In the context of toxoplasmosis, it effectively targets the Toxoplasma gondii parasite, which is responsible for the infection.

In acute cases, particularly when the patient has severe symptoms or compromised immune function, this combination can significantly reduce the risk of complications. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole also serves as prophylactic treatment in patients who are at risk for developing toxoplasmosis.

While other medications like ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, and metronidazole are effective against different types of infections, they do not share the same efficacy or recommendation for treating toxoplasmosis. Ciprofloxacin is typically used for bacterial infections, azithromycin is primarily used for respiratory and soft tissue infections, and metronidazole is effective against anaerobic bacteria and certain protozoan infections, but not specifically indicated for Toxoplasma gondii.